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4.6 Fermentation KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen. 4.6 Fermentation Think about how your body feels during exercise…. • • • • Arms and legs feel heavy Muscles burn You lose strength Breathing rate increases Your muscles are using fermentation! 4.6 Fermentation • The cells in your body cannot store large amounts of oxygen for cellular respiration • Breathing normal will provide you with enough oxygen for your regular activities • When you are doing high levels of activity your body cannot bring in enough oxygen for your cells even though you breathe faster How do your cells function without enough oxygen to keep cellular respiration going? • Your body will continue by using glycolysis and fermentation 4.6 Fermentation • Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable. • anaerobic process. – occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration – does not produce ATP 4.6 Fermentation 4.6 Fermentation • Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells when oxygen is unavailable. – Causes muscles to “burn” – Waste product of fermentation – Once oxygen is available, cells go back to using cellular respiration 4.6 Fermentation • Alcoholic fermentation is similar to lactic acid fermentation. – glycolysis splits glucose and the products enter fermentation – energy from NADH is used to split pyruvate into an alcohol and carbon dioxide – NADH is changed back into NAD+ – NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis 4.6 Fermentation • Fermentation is used in food production. – yogurt – cheese – bread