Transcript Presentation 16. OD

Overdose prevention and
response
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Causes of OD
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An overdose is a response of the body to the
amount of drug introduced that is enough to disrupt
life functions.
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Opioid overdose: results in potentially fatal
respiratory depression
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Stimulant overdose: may result in agitation and/or
psychiatric effects, which may be exacerbated by
dehydration and sleep deprivation. In some
instances, this may lead to cardiac arrest, stroke, or
seizure.
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Antidotes
• Opioid OD: Naloxone (Narcan, Naltrexon), an
opioid antagonist, will block the effects of
opioids, reversing an overdose.
• Stimulant OD – No antidotes.
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Opioid OD symptoms
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Passing out unconscious
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Awake but unable to talk
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Slow breathing (less
than 12 breaths per
minute)
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Pale, or “ashy” (e.g.,
among people with dark
skin) complexion
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Cold, clammy skin
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Turning blue (especially
lips and finger tips)
Choking or gurgling
sounds
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Vomiting
Limp body
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Slow heartbeat/puls
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First aid in opiod OD
• Step 1: Assess Responsiveness &
Breathing
• Step 2: Make sure the airway is clear
• Step 3 (4): Recovery Position
• Step 4 (3): Rescue Breathing
• Step 5: inject Naloxone
• Ambulance
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Stimulant OD symptoms
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Foaming at mouth
Very rapid heartbeat, pulse
Elevated body temperature, sweating
Quick, shallow breathing
Shaking, seizures
Passing out or suddenly collapsing
Chest pain or feeling of pressure
Heart attack or stroke
Choking or gurgling sounds
Throwing up
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First aid in stimulant OD
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Call the ambulance
Clean still WATER to drink (no other liquids)
Keep awake
Decrease body temperature: cold towel on
forehead, armpits, under knees
• If the heart stops perform chest compression
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Exercise
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Exercise (1): work in groups
• Group 1: Long counseling on opioid OD
prevention and response with demonstration.
• Group 2: 5 – 10 min counseling on OD prevention
and response with some demonstration.
• Group 3: Long counseling on stimulant OD
prevention and response with demonstration.
• Group 4: 5 – 10 min counseling on OD prevention
and response with some demonstration.
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Exercise (2): group demonstration
Please demonstrate to the group:
• Group that worked on “Long counseling”
(opioid)
• Group that worked on “Brief counseling”
(stimulant)
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Exercise (3): group demonstration
• Find a partner
• Stand face-to face
• After the command of a Trainer:
(1) conduct a one minute training on opioid OD
(2) Change roles
(3) conduct a one minute training on opioid OD
(4) Change roles
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