Sedative hypnotic

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Transcript Sedative hypnotic

SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC
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Short-term use (days to a few weeks) for insomnia; not for long
term use
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Long-term use (months or years); long-term use can cause druginduced abnormalities in the patient's sleep cycle
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In combination with analgesics in painful situations
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Preoperative anesthetics
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Dental work, surgery, etc.
USES
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Flurazepam (Dalmane) Schedule IV
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Alprazolam (Xanax), Schedule IV
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Lorazepam (Ativan), Schedule IV
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Diazepam (Valium), Schedule IV
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Temazepam (Restoril), Schedule IV
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Triazolam (Halcion), Schedule IV
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Clonazepam (Klonopin), Schedule IV
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Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Schedule IV
BENZODIAZEPINES
PRESCRIBERS ARE MORE LIKELY TO
PRESCRIBE A NON-CONTROLLED LEGEND
DRUG BEFORE A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
LIKE BENZOS.
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“Z Drugs” are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects
similar to benzodiazepines which are used in the treatment of
insomnia and whose names mostly start with the letter “Z”.
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Some “Z” drugs may have advantages over benzodiazepines:
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Zolpidem (Ambien), Schedule IV
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Eszopiclone (Lunesta), Schedule IV
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Zaleplon (Sonata), Schedule IV
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Ramelteon (Rozerem), Legend Drug, is a melatonin receptor
agonist-mimics the action of melatonin
MISC. DRUGS SIMILAR TO BENZOS
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Drowsiness
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Addiction
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Tolerance and dependence
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Respiratory and cardiac depression (with high doses)
SIDE EFFECTS
SKELETAL MUSCLE
RELAXANTS
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Relieve muscle spasm associated with muscle inflammation and
injury
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Useful in neuromuscular disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and
Cerebral Palsy
USES
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Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), Legend Drug
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Methocarbamol (Robaxin), Legend Drug
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Baclofen (Lioresal), Legend Drug
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Carisoprodol (Soma), Schedule IV
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Metaxalone (Skelaxin), Legend Drug
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Tizanidine (Zanaflex), Legend Drug
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Orphenadrine (Norflex), Legend Drug
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Chlorzoxazone (Parafon Forte), Legend Drug
EXAMPLES
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Drowsiness
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Addiction
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Tolerance and dependence
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Respiratory and cardiac depression (with high doses)
SIDE EFFECTS