Transcript Regents Review - Sewanhaka Central High School District

Regents Review
The Progressive Movement
Agrarian Movement

Problems for farmers- overproduction, high
railroad costs, natural disasters and
indebtedness.
Populists
Represented laborers, farmers and
industrialists against railroads and banks.
 Wanted- 1 term President, graduated income
tax, government ownership of railroads,
telephones, telegraphs, direct election of
Senators, restricted immigration.
 Actually passed- graduated income tax,
direct election of Senators, secret ballot
 Gave rise to 3rd party movement.

Grangers
Organization of farmers.
 Purpose- break up rural isolation and spread
info about new farming techniques.
 Formed cooperatives which bought
machinery and fertilizers- failed.
 Elected candidates to state legislature.
Favored regulating railroads.
 Munn v. Illinois- State gov’t can regulate
RR. Wabash v. Illinois- reversed.

Progressive Goals
Correct political and economic injustices
that resulted from industrialization.
 Government should correct evils.
 Felt government was corrupted by big
business and political bosses.

Famous Muckrakers
Investigative reporters and writers that
exposed abuses.
 Upton Sinclair- “The Jungle”
 Jacob Riis- “How the Other Half Lives”pictures of conditions for urban poor.
 Jane Addams- Hull House (1889).
Settlement House.

Wilson’s “New Freedom”
Tame big business, greater competition.
 Underwood Tariff- lowered taxes by 25%
 Graduated income tax (16th amendment)
 Federal Reserve Act- Federal government
regulates money in circulation
 Clayton-Anti Trust Act- allowed for Unions
 Federal Trade Commission- protect
consumers.

Roosevelt’s “Square Deal”
“Trust Buster”- revived Sherman Anti-Trust
Act.
 Meat Inspection Act- 1906
 Pure Food and Drug Act- 1906
 Increased power of Interstate Commerce
Commission.
 Stopped selling public land for development
 National Conservation Commission- public
parks, forests, set aside public land.

Progressive Reforms
Secret ballot
 Direct Election of Senators
 Referendum- place bill on a ballot
 Recall- elected officials can be removed by
voters in a special election.
 Party Primaries
 Initiatives- voters could start a bill
