Transcript Abnormal Psychology Fifth Edition Nevid, Rathus and Greene

Abnormal
Psychology
Fifth Edition
Nevid, Rathus and Greene
Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002
PowerPoint Presentation
Prepared By
Fred W. Whitford
Montana State University
Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002
Chapter 10
Substance Abuse and Dependence
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Classification of SubstanceRelated Disorders
• Substance Abuse and Dependence
– Diagnostic features
– Tolerance
– Withdrawal syndrome
– Tachycardia
– Delirium tremens
– Disorientation
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Classification of SubstanceRelated Disorders
• Addiction, Physiological
Dependence, and Psychological
Dependence
• Racial/Ethnic Differences in
Substance Dependence
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Lifetime Prevalence of Drug
Dependence by Type of Drug
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Classification of SubstanceRelated Disorders
• Pathways to Drug Dependence
– Experimentation
– Routine use
– Addiction or dependence
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Drug Abuse
• Depressants
– Alcohol
• Risk factor for alcoholism
– Gender
– Age
– Antisocial personality disorder
– Family history
– Sociodemographic factors
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Drug Abuse
• Depressants
– Alcohol
• Ethnicity and alcohol use and abuse
• Conceptions of alcoholism
• Psychological effects of alcohol
• Physical health and alcohol
• Moderate drinking and health benefit
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Alcohol Intake and Impaired
Driving
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Drug Abuse
• Depressants
– Barbiturates
• Opioids
– Morphine
– Heroin
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Drug Abuse
• Stimulants
– Amphetamines
– Ecstasy
– Cocaine
• Effects of cocaine
– Nicotine
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Gender and Racial Breakdown of *
Cigarette Smokers
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Cigarette Smokers in Relation to *
Poverty and Level of Education
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Must Alcoholics Fall off the Wagon*
If they Have One Drink
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Drug Abuse
• Hallucinogens
– LSD
– Phencyclidine (PCP)
– Marijuana
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Theoretical Perspectives
• Biological Perspectives
– Neurotransmitters
– Genetic factors
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Theoretical Perspectives
• Learning Perspectives
– Operant conditioning
– Alcohol and tension reduction
– Negative reinforcement and withdrawal
– The conditioning model of cravings
– Observational learning
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Theoretical Perspectives
• Cognitive Perspectives
– Outcome expectancies, decision
making, and substance abuse
– Self-efficacy expectancies
– Does one slip cause people with
substance abuse or dependence to go
on binges?
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Theoretical Perspectives
• Psychodynamic Perspectives
• Sociocultural Perspectives
• Tying It Together
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Treatments of Substance Abuse *
and Dependence
• Biological Approaches
– Detoxification
– Disulfiram
– Antidepressants
– Nicotine replacement therapy
– Methadone maintenance programs
– Naloxone and Naltrexone
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Treatments of Substance Abuse *
and Dependence
• Culturally Sensitive Treatment of
Alcoholism
• Nonprofessional Support Groups
– Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
– Al-Anon
• Residential Approaches
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Treatments of Substance Abuse *
and Dependence
• Psychodynamic Approaches
• Behavioral Approaches
– Self-control strategies
– Social skills training
• Relapse-Prevention Training
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