Transcript Illegal Drugs - Henry County Schools

Illegal Drugs
Medicine misuse
• When medicines are used
in ways other than
intended
• Carelessness
• Misused intentionally
Substance abuse
• Any unnecessary or
improper use of chemical
substance for non-medical
purposes
• Overuse or multiple use
of a drug
Illegal drugs
• Street drugs
• Against the law to
manufacture, possess,
buy, or sell
Synthetic drugs
• Chemical substances
produced artificially in a
laboratory.
• Regardless of how they
are taken the effects are
deadly
Illicit drug use
• Use or sale of any
substances that are
illegal or otherwise not
permitted
Gateway drugs
• Drugs that often lead to
other serious and
dangerous drug use
• Alcohol and nicotine
Trends in teen drug use
• Using drugs at younger ages
• 11% of teens age 12 and up
use drugs
• More trying heroin
• 9% use marijuana
• Consider marijuana to be
safe
Overdose
• A strong or even fatal
reaction to taking a large
amount of a drug
• Accidental
• Can not control quality,
purity, or strength
Tolerance
• Need more and more to
get the same effects
Physiological dependence
• Body develops a chemical
need for the drug
• Experiences severe effects
when the drug is taken away
Psychological dependence
• Person believes a drug is
needed in order to feel
good or to function
normally
Withdrawal
• Occurs when a person
stops using a drug
• Nervousness, insomnia,
severe nausea, headaches,
vomiting, chills, cramps,
and death
Addiction
• Physiological and
psychological
dependence on a drug
Costs of substance abuse
• Negatively affects
performance in school,
sports, relationships and
family
• $67 billion burden on society
– criminal cost each year
• 5% of the 4 million women
give birth to drug addicted
babies
Psychoactive drugs
• Stimulants – medical use
• Depressants – medical
use
• Narcotics – medical use
• Hallucinogens – no
medical use
Stimulants
• Drugs that speed up the
central nervous system
• commonly abused –
amphetamines,
methamphetamines,
cocaine
• Nicotine and caffeine
Cause
• Increase heart and respiratory
• High blood pressure
• Dilated pupils
• Decrease appetite
• Blurred vision
• sleeplessness
Chronic users
• Hallucinations
• Delusions
• Paranoia – irrational
suspiciousness or distrust
of others
Amphetamines
• Medical use has declined
• Used illegally to stay
awake and alert, improve
athletic performance, lose
weight, temporary high
• Physical and
psychological
Euphoria
• Feeling of intense wellbeing or elation that
may be followed by a
complete “crash” of
letdown
Methamphetamine
• Used to treat diseases –
Parkinson’s and obesity
• Called crank, speed, or ice
• Paranoid or violent
• Smoked, snorted, injected or
swallowed
• Food and water not
important
• Fumes alone are deadly
Cocaine
• Made from the coca bush
• Illegal to use or possess
• Powerful stimulant
• Effects last from 20 min.
to several hours
• High is followed by a let
down – user will want more
• Depression, edginess, weight
loss
• Physical dependence
• Tissues damage to nose
• malnutrition
• Risk of heart attack
• May disturb electrical
impulses in the heart
• HIV – shared needles
• Snorted
Crack
• Form of cocaine that is
smoked
• Converts cocaine into lumps
or rocks – freebase – use
dangerous solvents; can
cause injury or death –
explosion or fire
• Extremely addictive and dangerous
• Effects are felt within seconds –
want more when the high starts
going away – less than 20 min.
• Sore throat, hoarseness, and lung
damage
• Death by cardiac or respiratory
failure
Depressants
• Sedatives
• Drugs that to slow down the
central nervous system
• Most commonly used alcohol
• Relax muscles, relieve
tension and worry, bring
on sleep, slows down
heart & breathing,
reduces blood pressure
• Physical and
psychological
Barbiturates
• Induce sleep
• Mood changes, more sleep
than normal, coma
• Alcohol + Barbiturates =
death
Tranquilizers
• Reduce muscular activity,
coordination, & attention
span
• Medical use – relieve
anxiety, muscle spasms,
sleeplessness, & nervousness
Methaqualone
• Reduce anxiety and
insomnia
• Temporary euphoria –
withdrawals are
unpleasant
• Physical
• Physical
• Effects – headaches,
diarrhea, dizziness,
convulsions, and coma
• Many die from combining
this drug with alcohol
Narcotics
Opiates
• Another name for narcotics
• Drugs derived from the
opium plant that have a
sedative effect
• Opium poppy flower
• Relieves pain
• Cause drowsiness
• Physiological dependence
• Cause stupor, sleep,
depress respiration, coma
or death
• Commonly abused –
heroin
Morphine
• Reduce severe pain
• Terminal cancer patients
• Appetite suppressant,
cause severe constipation,
addiction
• Physical
Codeine
• Weaker than morphine
• Used in cough
medication
• Physical
Heroin
• Made from morphine
• No medical use
• Depresses central nervous
system
• Slows breathing and heart
rate
• Coma and death
• Tolerance develops very
quickly – physical
• Babies can be born addicted
• Withdrawal is very painful
• HIV
• Now 10 x purer
Methadone
• Laboratory-made drug
narcotic that blocks the
withdrawal symptoms of
opiate narcotics
• Physical
• Does not produce euphoria
and mind-altering effects
Hallucinogens
• Drugs that alter moods,
thoughts, and sense
perceptions, including
vision, hearing, smell, and
touch
• All hallucinogens are
psychological dependence
Phencyclidine
• PCP or angle dust
• Considered the most
dangerous drug
• Prepared synthetically
• Feels distant and detached
• Time pass slowly, body
movements slow down, muscle
coordination is impaired, and
touch and pain are dulled.
• Tragic deaths, serious accidents,
and terrible acts of violence
• Overdose and death by strange
and destructive behaviors
Lysergic acid diethylamide
• LSD or acid
• Most potent of all moodaltering chemicals
• Tablet, capsule, and liquid –
that is colorless, tasteless,
and odorless
• Superman effects – false
sense of security and power
that has resulted in deaths
• Panic , anxiety, or accidental
suicide
Mescaline
• Psychoactive ingredient in
peyote cactus
• Bad trips or frightening
imagines
• Stomach cramps and
vomiting
Anabolic steroids
• Synthetic testosterone
• Causes mood swings and
aggressive behavior
• High blood pressure, acne,
baldness, liver damage, heart
disease, increase body and
facial hair
• Strokes, clogged arteries
• Males – depression, low
sperm count, decrease
testicles, increase breast size
• Females – breast shrinkage
• Muscles look bigger but not
stronger
Cannabis
• Hemp plant
• Illegal drug
• Hallucinogen but has the
effects of both Stimulate
and depressant
Tetrahydrocannabinol
• THC
• Produces the “high” in
marijuana
• 10 x stronger today
Marijuana
• Cannabis that is smoked,
eaten, or drunk for
intoxicating effects
• Alters senses, coordination,
reaction time, impairs
decisions making skills
• Lowers body temp, increases
heart and blood pressure
• Stimulates the appetite –
“munchies” – however lose
the effect when one eats
• Talkative, giddy or quiet,
withdrawn
• Loss of will power, motivation,
lack of energy and paranoia
• Affects memory, difficulty in
recalling things and paying
attention, slower reaction time
• More carcinogens than
cigarettes
• Stronger today than in the 60’s
• Males – lowers hormone
testosterone and decreases sperm
production
• Females – stillbirths, low birth
weight and conditions similar to
FAS
• Damaging to respiratory system
• Psychological
Hashish
• Hash
• The dark brown resin
collected from the tops of
the cannabis plant
Inhalants
• Substances with breathable
fumes that are sniffed and
inhaled to give
hallucinogenic or mindaltering high
• Many accidental deaths
• Nausea, sneezing, coughing,
nosebleeds, fatigue, liver and
kidney damage, change in
bone marrow, brain damage
• Coma or death 1st time used
• Suffocation
• Peak age of use 14
Designer drugs
• Synthetic substances meant to
imitate the effects of narcotics
and hallucinogens
• Ecstasy – methamphetamine
and mescaline – Combination
of stimulant and hallucinogen
Effects – euphoria,
confusion, depression,
paranoia, psychosis,
increase heart rate and
blood pressure, and long
term brain damage
Look-alike drugs
• Drugs made so as to
physically resemble
specific illegal drugs