Transcript First Aid in Schools

First Aid in Schools
Alcohol/Drug OD
Approach in a calm, professional,
sympathetic manner; gain confidence
 Try to find out type and amount of
drug
 Universal precautions
 If vomiting, place in recovery position
and protect airway
 Monitor breathing
 Call 9-1-1
 Call parents
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Allergic Reactions
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Sneezing, coughing, wheezing, watery
eyes, swelling of face mouth and throat,
difficulty breathing, weak and rapid pulse,
tight chest, severe itching, cramps, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness
Call 9-1-1
Give CPR
If the child has an Epi-Pen assist with it
Treat for shock by reassuring
Animal or Human Bites
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Universal precautions
Control bleeding
Wash with soap and water and cover with
dressing
Inform parents and notify animal control if
applicable
Get medical help if any animal bite breaks
the skin
Could be an “assault” if human bite
Asthma
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Comfortable position, sitting upright leaning
slightly forward
Encourage controlled slower breathing
Reassure and comfort; don’t leave alone
Nothing to drink
Assist with bronchodilator if they have one
prescribed to them
Call parents
If child cannot speak or breathing is terribly
distressed, call 9-1-1
Bleeding
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If severe, call 9-1-1
Apply direct pressure with clean cloth or
pressure bandage
If soaked, place new OVER existing
If still not stopping, apply direct pressure
and elevate area above the heart
If foreign object in wound, do not remove,
apply pressure around it
Burns and Scalds
Remove rings, bracelets, footwear
before swelling
 Immerse briefly in cold water; if not
possible, apply cool cloth soaked in
cool water
 If severe, get medical help
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Dental Emergencies
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Toothache – rinse mouth with warm saltwater, apply
cold compress
Cut or bitten tongue, lip, cheek – apply ice and direct
pressure with clean gauze
Broken tooth – place cold compress; if pieces can be
found, save them
Knocked out tooth – handle by crown, try to place back
in socket and have child hold in place with clean
gauze; if necessary put tooth in cold milk or saline or
wrapped in plastic with child’s saliva
Broken braces – cover with gauze and get to dentist
Diabetic Emergencies
If unconscious, call 9-1-1 and begin
CPR
 Have child take sugar, sugary drink or
prescribed medicine if child is alert,
knows what is wrong and is conscious
and able to follow commands
 If child is confused, give something
sweet to drink and get medical help
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Eye Injuries
If object can be removed by flushing
with water, do so for 15 min or more
 If object cannot be removed, cover
with gauze and get to ER; cover both
eyes
 Don’t apply direct pressure to the
eyeball, even if bleeding; you can
apply to eyelids or surrounding areas
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Fainting
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If feeling faint, lie on back, raise feet, fresh
air, loosen clothing at neck, chest, and waist
If actually faints, put into recovery position
on side with top knee and bottom arm
extended to keep from rolling onto stomach
If not breathing begin CPR and call 9-1-1
If no pulse, begin CPR and call 9-1-1
Fractures, Sprains, and
Strains
Don’t move if you suspect spinal injury
 Don’t allow child to move injured area
 Goal is to immobilize fracture site as
well as joint above and below site
 Apply SAM Splint if you are trained
how to do so
 Apply cold pack 10 min on and 10 off
 Get to ER
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Head Injuries and
Concussions
Don’t move
 Call 9-1-1
 Don’t leave alone
 If unconscious, begin CPR
 Note duration of unconsciousness
 Monitor for seizures
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Heat Injuries
Take to cool area
 If conscious, offer lightly salted water
or sports drink
 Loosen clothing and remove
excessive clothing
 If not sweating or if incoherent, call 91-1
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Insect Bites and Stings
Scrape with fingernail or edge of
credit card/DL
 Ice pack
 If an allergic reaction, call 9-1-1, assist
with Epi-pen if they have one; begin
CPR if unconscious
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Nosebleeds
Child should sit up, lean forward, have
child pinch nose for 10 minutes and
not blow nose for a few hours
 Cold pack on nose bridge can help
 If does not stop, call 9-1-1
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Seizures
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Protect child from injury by removing
objects that are hard or sharp
Don’t try to restrict movements
Loosen clothing
Onlookers leave
Do not put anything into mouth
Place child on side in recovery position
Call 9-1-1 if secondary seizure or no history
of seizures or becomes unconscious
Note duration and number of seizures