Transcript Pregnancy and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy and
Fetal Nutrition
Placenta Development
 Develops in early days of pregnancy
 Amniotic sac- “bag of water”
 Umbilical cord- route of nourishment and
oxygen
 Performs respiratory, absorptive, and
excretory functions
Energy Needs
 300 extra calories during 2nd and 3rd
trimester
 More: teenagers, underweight,
physically active
 Choose healthy
Protein
 10g more daily than RDA
 Most Americans get more protein than
needed
 Avoid supplements
Essential Fatty Acids
 Omega-3 and omega-6
 Brain growth, function, and structure
 Include seafood in diet
Folate
 Supplements, fortified foods, and
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Fruits
Juices
Green vegetables
Whole grains
 .4 mg daily
 Prevents neural tube defects (NTD)
B12
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Activates folate enzyme
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Milk products
Iron
 Supports enlarged blood volume
 Fetus draws from iron stores of mom to
build its own
 4-6 months worth
 Meats
 Fortified grain products
Enhancing Iron Absorption
 Take supplement during 2nd and 3rd
trimester
 Do not take with milk, coffee or tea
 Inhibits iron absorption
 Take with Vitamin C rich foods
Zinc
 DNA / RNA synthesis
 Protein synthesis, cell development
 Dairy products, beans, whole grain
cereals
Vitamin D
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Calcium absorption
Rickets in fetus
Exposure to sunlight
Vitamin D fortified milk
Calcium
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Need more than 600 mg daily
Milk
Cheese
Yogurt
Can take supplement
Nutrient Supplements
 Multivitamin recommended
 High risk groups
 Multiple fetuses
 Cigarette smokers
 Alcohol and drug abusers
 Help reduce:
 Preterm delivery, low birth weights, birth
defects
Good Eating During
Pregnancy
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Milk Group- 3 servings
Meat Group- 3 servings
Fruit Group- 3 servings
Vegetable Group- 4 servings
Bread Group- 9 servings
Fats, Oils, Sweets- use sparingly
1 Day Menu
 Create a 1 day menu for a pregnant woman
and follow the serving recommendations
 Your menu must include:
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Breakfast
Lunch
Afternoon Snack
Dinner
Bedtime Snack
 Be sure to include color illustrations