Transcript Document

ARQ part II data
management
Training pack 4:
Terminology
Drug treatment
• Process of intervention directed
towards individual active drug users
offered by providers of health, social or
community services, aiming at ending
or reducing the use of drugs or the
negative consequences of drug use
– ARQ: any service provision that a country labels
“drug treatment”
Drug-related
AIDS deaths
• Deaths among injecting drug users
where:
– AIDS has been assessed as the direct
underlying cause of death
– Drug injecting has been identified as the
mode of transmission of HIV
Drug-related
morbidity
• The extent of diseases related to or
associated with the use of illicit drugs
– Includes diseases caused by the use of drugs but
does not exclude other causes
– ARQ: limited to infections of hepatitis B, hepatitis C
and HIV among injecting drug users
– Usually reported as a (cumulative) incidence of
detected cases
Drug-related
mortality
• The extent of deaths related to or
associated with the use of illicit drugs
– Includes deaths directly or indirectly caused by the
use of drugs but does not exclude other cases
where drug use has been a contributory cause or is
involved in the circumstances of death
– ARQ: country-specific definition applies
Fatal drug overdose
• Case of deaths where an overdose of
or intoxication with illicit drugs is
assessed as the direct underlying
cause of death
– Usually recorded in general mortality registers
based on ICD-9 or ICD-10 or in special mortality
registers
Illicit drug
• Any drug listed in the schedules to
the international drug control
conventions whose origin was illicit
or illegal
Injecting drug
use/user
• Taking drugs by means of injecting/the
person doing so
– Methods of injecting: intravenous, subcutaneous,
intramuscular
– Injecting drug user: usually refers to drug users who
have injected a drug at least once during the previous
12 months
New drug/pattern
of use/user group
• ARQ: drugs, patterns of use and user
groups observed in the reporting
year but not in the year before
– “New” depends on the perspective of the reporting
country
Patterns of
drug use
• ARQ: broad concept including:
– How drugs are used (mode or route of
administration, regularity, frequency, etc.)
– In which environment or circumstances
they are used (site and setting)
Prevalence
of drugs (1)
• The extent of drug use among a
reference population during a
reference period
– Drug use means having taken a drug at least once
during the reference period
– Common reference populations:
• General population: 15-64 years
• Youth population: 15-24 years
Prevalence
of drugs (2)
• Prevalence is expressed as a
percentage of the reference
population
• Standard prevalence measures relate
to reference period:
– Lifetime prevalence (“ever use”)
– Last 12 months’ prevalence (“recent use”, “use
in reporting year”)
– Last 30 days’ prevalence (“current use”)
Severe drug abuse
(problem drug use)
• Problematic or chronic drug use or
drug users in need of help from the
perspective of the reporting country:
– Applies only when a country differentiates
between types or patterns of drug use
– ARQ: specification of the definition used is
required
Sharing needles
or syringes
• Using a needle or syringe that has
been used previously by someone
else
Classification
of drugs
Cannabis type
Marijuana (herbal), hashish (resin)
Opioids
Heroin
Opium, other
Cocaine type
Powder (salt), crack, other
Amphetamine type
Amphetamine, methamphetamine
Ecstasy type
Sedatives/tranquillizers
Barbiturates, benzodiazepines
Hallucinogens
LSD, other
Other drugs
Other opioids
Other
amphetamines