Transcript National Planning Government Expenditure Sustainable Development

Workshop
Medium-term Expenditure Planning for
National Sustainable Development
National Planning, Government Expenditure and Sustainable
Development
David Smith and Sanjesh Naidu
3 November 2015
Nadi, Fiji
Sustainable Development
 Long standing international commitment by Pacific
SIDS to pursue sustainable development in all its 3
dimensions:
 SDGs – 2015 - global
 Samoa Pathway – 2014 – SIDS
 Regional at ESCAP, PIF, PIDF, MSG…..
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SDGs – Latest Global Goals Developed with
Member States Involvement
•Established
‘special case’ of
SIDS and called
for the 1st SIDS
Earth
Conference
Summit
•Recognised need
for integrating
the environment
and economy
MDGs
•Set global agenda
for development
•Focused primarily on
social development
•Stressed the
need for
integrating
Rio+20 social
and 3rd development
SIDS with the
environment
•Monitoring and
accountability
Convergence
on the need
for integrated
planning which
covers
economic,
social and
environment
•Recognized a
need for a focus
2030
on
Develop inclusiveness
ment
and
Agenda sustainability
(SDGs) •Monitoring and
accountability
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Global versus national
Global and regional development agenda
 Set a general direction for global development
 Provide a framework for holding countries and
development partners accountable
 Include a set of goals, targets and indicators for
monitoring progress
National development planning
 Takes into account national priorities and challenges
 Governs the path toward sustainable development at
the national level
 Framework for national monitoring and accountability
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Global Goals “Localised” in NSDSs in
the Pacific
 Commitments countries have made at an
international level to sustainable development
have already to a large extent been
incorporated into national development
plans.
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NSDSs in the Pacific
 Key means of implementation for sustainable
development: preparation and implementation of
NSDS/National Plan.
 All Pacific SIDS have a NSDS document =
national development plan;
 Three pillars of sustainable development are
covered (economic, social, environmental)
 All Pacific SIDS have policy, planning and
budgetary processes aimed at achieving national
development goals. But how effectively?
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Sustainable development progress in the
Pacific
 Uneven progress across Pacific:
– low growth in GDP per capita; lack of
diversification; weak export growth
– growing ‘basic needs’ poverty
– mixed MDG achievement
– environmental degradation - population
pressure; water; reefs; fish; waste; pollution;
climate change
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Slow policy implementation
 “there is a need for a more integrated approach to
the sustainable development of SIDS” (SAMOA
Pathway)
 “a more ‘integrated planning process’ “ is needed
(MSI+5)
 “‘Integrated planning and decision-making’ is
acknowledged as ‘essential for progress’”
 “lack of public participation in planning processes,
lack of coordination among government ministries
and agencies with competing priorities, and lack of
human resources and technology capacity.”
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A ‘good’ NSDS
 Sustainable Development principles:
 Integration of economic, social and environmental
priorities;
 Wide participation of stakeholders in the
development process;
 Strategic Planning principles:
 Country ownership and commitment;
 Comprehensive and coordinated policy process;
 Targeting, resourcing and monitoring.
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Typical Planning Processes: multi-year
National Plan, Vision, Strategy
(can contain Development Goals, situation analysis, medium
term strategic policy objectives)
Sector Plans (often included in national plan)
(Policy objectives and strategies for the various sectors of the
economy e.g. agricultural policy, education policy)
Corporate plans (Ministry operational plans)
(Policy objectives and strategies of sector ministries which
may be different from sectors above)
Budgetary and donor allocations
(recurrent budget, development/capital budget, aid resources)
Development outcomes
(Activities, projects, programmes of government, NGOs,
donors, communities)
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Typical Budgetary Processes: annual
Economic and fiscal
assessment
Annual policy priorities
established
National Plan, Vision,
Strategy
Sector Plans
Corporate/Ministry
plans
Budget preparation
Budget approved
(recurrent budget, development
budget, aid resources)
Monitoring of budget
implementation
Budgetary and donor
allocations
(recurrent budget,
development/capital
budget, aid
resources)
Development outcomes
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Why do the linkages not work?
 Linkages do not exist
 NPOs do not have sufficient capacity to coordinate and monitor plan
implementation
 Plan implementation is hampered by poor coordination between
ministries & central agencies
 Various plans are ‘out of sync’ and have different time horizons
 NPOs do not have sufficient capacity to coordinate and monitor plan
implementation
 Plans are ignored
 Plans are too complex to implement
 Plans only assist development partners to plan their programmes
 Plans don’t have sufficient local ownership.
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Most importantly…
 Budget allocations do not reflect plan priorities
 Medium Term Expenditure planning is an
important tool to help
 And so is a system of monitoring budget and
plan progress – can help ensure that policies
and plans are implemented - “If it’s not
monitored it won’t get done!”
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