Transcript American History SOL Review

American History SOL Review
Gilded Age & Progressive Movement
“Prices and wages should be determined by the
marketplace.” The author of this statement would
most probably support
A.
B.
C.
D.
government ownership of utilities
minimum-wage laws
wage and price controls
laissez-faire capitalism
After the Civil War, one way business leaders tried to
eliminate competition was by
A.
B.
C.
D.
forming monopolies or trusts
developing overseas markets
increasing the prices of their products
paying high wages to their workers
In the United States, organized labor made its greatest
membership gains when
A. the right to unionize and bargain collectively was
guaranteed by legislation
B. international competition began to threaten jobs in
the United States
C. the major business groups encouraged unionization
D. the economy began to shift from manufacturing to
service employment
In the United States, the main purpose of
antitrust legislation is to
A.
B.
C.
D.
protect the environment
increase competition in business
encourage the growth of monopolies
strengthen the rights of workers
The Federal Trade Commission, the Interstate Commerce
Commission, and the Federal Communications Commission
are similar in that each
A. represents the interests of big business
B. is specifically provided for in the United States
Constitution
C. has the power to formulate and enforce regulations
D. must get approval from the states to carry out national
laws
In response to the demands of farmers and small
business owners, Congress enacted laws in the late 19th
century that
A. supported the organization of farm cooperatives
B. regulated the activities of railroads and trusts
C. provided direct payments to farmers to help them
buy modem machinery
D. dropped tariff rates to the lowest point in the
century
Nativism in the late 19th century was motivated
primarily by
A. hostility toward immigrant workers
B. the need to reduce overcrowding in western
states
C. cultural conflicts with Native American Indians
D. the migration of African Americans to northern
cities
The Sherman Antitrust Act, the Social Security Act, and the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) are
examples of
A. Federal laws designed to protect consumers from
unsafe products
B. the Federal Government’s response to changes in the
economy
C. Federal laws designed to control spending
D. the Federal Government’s attempts to regulate big
business
Which term best describes United States economic
policy during the era of the rise of big business
(1865-1900)?
A.
B.
C.
D.
laissez-faire capitalism
mercantilism
Marxism
welfare-state capitalism
The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act
(1887), the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890), and
the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
eliminate unfair business practices
reduce imports from foreign nations
reduce the power of the unions
increase the power of local governments
From 1865 to 1900, how did the growth of industry
affect American society?
A. The United States experienced the disappearance
of the traditional
B. Population centers shifted from the Northeast to
the South
C. Restrictions on immigration created a more
homogeneous culture.
D. The percentage of Americans living in urban areas
increased.
Prior to 1880, the number of immigrants to the
United States was not restricted mainly because
A.
B.
C.
D.
industry owners wanted cheap labor
the nations of Europe discouraged emigration
the United States birthrate was increasing
Congress lacked the power to limit immigration
Laws requiring individuals to pass civil service examinations
to obtain government jobs were enacted to
A. eliminate patronage and corruption in government
hiring
B. allow the government to compete with private industry
for employees
C. support the development of public employee labor
unions
D. encourage the growth of local political parties
During the period from 1865 to 1900, disputes
between labor and management were often
marked by
A.
B.
C.
D.
the use of violence by both sides
cooperative efforts to resolve differences
government support of striking workers
arbitration by the Federal Government
One way in which the Chinese Exclusion Act,
the Gentlemen’s Agreement, and the National
Origins Act were similar is that all were
expressions of
A.
B.
C.
D.
imperialism
nativism
militarism
Manifest Destiny
The main purpose of this
1886 poster was to
A. oppose immigrants who took jobs from American
workers
B. support nativist calls for limitations on labor unions
C. organize a protest against acts of police brutality
against workers
D. show support for police actions against foreign
revolutionaries
Which factor most influenced the growth of the
United States economy between 1865 and 1900?
A.
B.
C.
D.
development of the sharecropping system
success of organized labor
governmental policy of laissez faire
restrictions on immigration
“Labor Leaders Executed for Causing Haymarket Riot”
“State Militia Called In To End Homestead Strike” “1,000
Jailed as Silver Miners Protest Wage Cuts” Which statement
about labor unions in the late 1800s is illustrated by these
headlines?
A. Strikes by labor unions usually gained public support.
B. The government frequently opposed labor union
activities.
C. Labor union demands were usually met.
D. Arbitration was commonly used to end labor unrest.
The term business monopoly can best be described as
A. the most common form of business in the United
States
B. government control of the means of production
C. an agreement between partners to manage a
corporation
D. a company that controls or dominates an industry
During the late 19th century, Samuel Gompers, Terence
Powderly, and Eugene Debs were leaders in the
movement to
A.
B.
C.
D.
stop racial segregation of Native American Indians
limit illegal immigration
gain fair treatment of Native American Indians
improve working conditions
President Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal and President
Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society were similar in that both
A. returned control of social welfare programs to the
states
B. relied on individual initiative to improve the economy
C. were supported by Congress over the objections of the
majority of state governments
D. increased the role of the Federal Government in
dealing with social and economic problems
An important political aim of the Progressive movement
was to
A. guarantee government jobs for the unemployed
B. stimulate democratic reforms such as the initiative
and the referendum
C. create a unicameral national legislature
D. increase the participation of African Americans in
the Federal Government
Congress has attempted to deal with the issue of
taxing citizens fairly by enacting a
A.
B.
C.
D.
high tariff
property tax
sales tax
graduated income tax
The abolitionist movement, the women’s suffrage
movement, and the 1960’s civil rights movement are all
examples of reform efforts that
A.
B.
C.
D.
succeeded without causing major controversy
developed significant popular support
achieved their goals without government action
failed to affect the nation as a whole
A main purpose of President Theodore
Roosevelt’s trustbusting policies was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
reduce corruption in government
save the nation’s banks
encourage competition in business
end strikes by labor unions
Since 1913, the United States banking system,
interest rates, and the amount of money in
circulation have largely been controlled by the
A.
B.
C.
D.
United States Supreme Court
Federal Reserve System
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
President’s Council of Economic Advisors
During which period in United States history were
the amendments concerning the income tax, direct
election of Senators. Prohibition, and women’s
suffrage enacted?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Reconstruction
The Gilded Age
Progressive Era
New Deal
The initiative, referendum, recall, and direct primary
are all intended to
A. make the President more responsive to the wishes
of Congress
B. reduce the influence of the media on elections
C. give political parties more control of the electoral
process
D. increase participation in government by citizens
Which event of the early 1900’s is evidence that Upton
Sinclair’s novel The Jungle had an important impact on the
United States?
A. adoption of reforms in public education
B. passage of legislation limiting immigration
C. adoption of the 18th amendment establishing
Prohibition
D. passage of legislation requiring Federal inspection of
meat
A major purpose of the Federal Reserve System
is to
A. deal with the trade deficit through tariffs and
quotas
B. control the minimum wage
C. establish the Federal budget
D. regulate interest rates and the money supply
A major goal of reformers during the Progressive
Era was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
end segregation in the South
correct the abuses of big business
limit immigration from Latin America
enact high tariffs to help domestic industry
grow
A belief shared by Presidents Theodore Roosevelt,
William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson is that the Federal
Government should
A. allow the free-enterprise system to work without
regulation
B. use its power to regulate unfair business practices
C. provide jobs for unemployed workers
D. support unions in labor-management disputes
The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887), the
Sherman Antitrust Act (1890), and the Clayton Antitrust Act
(1914) was to
A.
B.
C.
D.
eliminate unfair business practices
reduce imports from foreign nations
reduce the power of the unions
increase the power of local governments
One idea that both Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du
Bois supported is that
A.
B.
C.
D.
African Americans should have increased civil rights
vocational training was the best approach to education
immigration was responsible for racial segregation
Jim Crow laws were needed to help African
Americans