Transcript 06-23 CDonnges EIIP

EIIP – ILO Approach for Local Development
Infrastructure Development: Poverty Reduction and Income Generation
ILO Report:
Labour and social trends in ASEAN 2010:
sustaining recovery and development through decent work
• Infrastructure development plays a key role in creating jobs,
reducing inequalities while improving competitiveness and
expanding markets and consumption.
• Infrastructure spending has a large multiplier effect on
employment and is a very direct way of increasing employment
and of boosting aggregate demand.
• In addition, the quality and extensiveness of infrastructure
networks significantly reduce poverty and income
inequalities through enabling less developed communities to
connect to product markets and social services
The need for infrastructure is pronounced throughout the region for high, middle and low-income countries.
10 of the 12 countries in ASEAN+3 and India for which data is available have a lower infrastructure ranking
than their overall competitiveness ranking. Improvement in infrastructure could place countries such
as Indonesia, Vietnam as well as Lao PDR not only on a stronger growth trajectory but it could
create millions of jobs and reduce inequalities and poverty.
54
84
* Note that 1 is the top ranking or most competitive, and so a lower number closer to the axis indicates better performance.
Source: World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Index Analyzer 2009-2010
Infrastructure and ILO…
Programme: Employment Intensive Investment Programme (EIIP) has many
years of experience of applying local resource-based solutions to the
development of infrastructure. Opportunity to address ILO concerns in
infrastructure sectors.
Objective: Enhance the impact of investments in infrastructure on
employment creation (income generation), poverty reduction and local
development.
Means: Policy and strategy support at the national level and training and
implementation support at the local level
Context:
•
Poverty reduction (MDGs) through rural infrastructure
development
(local planning, local resource-based methods, rural roads,
maintenance, capacity building)
• Upgrading of urban low-income settlements
(community contracting, small urban infrastructure, capacity building)
•
Public works as components in social safety nets (ECS/EGS)
(design, implementation, capacity building, impact)
•
Crisis response and climate change adaptation
(cash for work, reconstruction, green works – green jobs: irrigation,
water and soil conservation, flood protection…., capacity building)
short term: employment, income
multiplier
long term:
local
development
impact
Infrastructure and Local Development:
• There is generally a strong link between investment in
infrastructure and local (economic) development in a
region.
• Community priorities often include infrastructure for both
economic and social development.
• The needs for infrastructure investments in developing
countries are vast.
• Estimates put annual investment needs for infrastructure
at 5.5% of GDP in middle-income countries and 9% in the
least developed countries.
Infrastructure and EmpLED
Example EIIP Tools used in
EmpLED:
• Planning
• Implementation
• Operation and Maintenance
Tools: Planning the Infrastructure and Local
Development
VCA (value chain approach)
or
ABA (area-based approach)
Both used in EmpLED to identify
investment priorities
Identify infrastructure interventions in the value
chain
• Numbur & IPs Tourism Value Chain (access
roads, trails, campsites, maintenance)
• Junar Value Chain (access roads,
maintenance)
• Food Value Chain (irrigation channels, water
storage and harvesting, access roads, river
training, maintenance)
Various participatory techniques and LED forums
Identify infrastructure interventions
in a geographical area usually a
district or village
IRAP and various participatory
techniques
IRAP Concept
WATER
HEALTH
MARKETS
EDUCATION
ELECTRICITY
TRANSPORT
FUEL
WOOD
ROADS
What ?
Where ?
How ?
Tools: Implementing the Works
and Local Development
• Employment-intensive
technologies (optimize
the use of local
resources (labour ,skilled
and unskilled, materials,
tools) and inject cash
into local economy as
wage and local materials
Both used in EmpLED to
implement investment priorities
• Community
contracting: ownership,
capacity building of
beneficiaries, cost
effective, transparent
and sustainable
Tools: Sustaining the Benefits and Local Development
Team-based maintenance
A tool for:
how these teams may be formed, how
the team members should be selected,
and the required registration and
training of the maintenance teams, the
contracting arrangements, the concept
of performance-based contracting,
suitable contract documents, the
planning and inspection of the
maintenance work and the payments
to be made to the maintenance teams.
Introduced in EmpLED districts
thank you
e-mail: [email protected]