Transcript Note on Kenya

KENYA
Some History
• Early habitation: people from northern Africa
moved into the area around 2000 BC
• Nilotic and Bantu peoples moved into the region,
around 1000 AD
• Arab traders visited the Kenya coast around 100
AD
• The Portuguese arrived in the 16th century
• Omani domination began around 1698.
• Swahili, a Bantu language with many Arabic loan
words, developed as a lingua franca for trade
between peoples.
• United Kingdom established its presence in the 1800s
via missionaries.
• Germany established a protectorate after over the
Sultan of Zanzibar's coastal possessions in 1885
• British East Africa Company took over in 1888
• Britain and Germany divided the coastal area between
them: Kenya to UK, Tanzania ti Germany
• British government on July 1, 1895 established direct
rule
• Opened (1902) the fertile highlands
to white settlers
– construction, started in 1895, of a railroad
from Mombasa to Lake Victoria
• the Kikuyu people, the most subject to pressure by the settlers,
founded in 1921 Kenya's first African political protest movement,
the Young Kikuyu Association
• This was to become the Kenya African Union (KAU), demanding
access to land. Jomo Kenyatta became its President In 1947
• October 1952 - December 1959, a state of emergency due to the
Mau Mau uprising
• Independence on December 12, 1963, with Jomo Kenyatta as
President.
Jomo Kenyatta
Daniel arap Moi
Mwai Kibaki
President Raila Odinga
The Odingas and the Obamas
The Mau Mau Uprising
Basic Information on Kenya
Demographic:
Population:
37.5 million (2007)
Population Growth Rate: 2.8 % per annum
(Doubling every 25 years)
Fertility Rate: 1990: 5.8 children per woman
2007: 5.0 children per woman
1010:
4.9
Life Expectancy:
1990: 57 years
2007: 54 years
Basic Information on Kenya
Human Development Index:
1975: .466
1985: .535
1995: .544
2005: .521
Rank in World:
Rank in Africa:
# 148
# 14
Economic Indicators:
GDP per capita (PPP) in 2005:
GDP per capita (PPP) Africa:
GDP Growth rate, per capita, 2000-07:
Arable land:
9.0% of total
$1,240
$ 1,998
- 0.1% p.a.
Distributional Measures:
Gini Coefficient:
.477; (relatively high)
Income share of top 20%:
53.0%
Income share of bottom 20%:
1.8%
Economic Indicators:
Exports:
$ 4,080 billion;
or about $107. per inhabitant
Manufactured Exports as % of Total:
1995:
2007:
28%;
37%
for Africa:
34%
Development Assistance as % of GDP: 5.3%
for Africa:
5.1%