Transcript 4.03
4.03 Outline Explain employment trends in terms of changing societal needs and economic conditions. Terms to know 1. Free enterprise o Private ownership, profit motive, competition and freedom of choice 2. Dual Income families o Both parents are working 3. Service occupations o Barbers, mechanics, day care workers 4. Transferable skills o Skills learned used to do on one job and used on another job Terms to Know 5. Technical Skills o Technical Skills are the basic knowledge required to perform a task. Technical skills can include educational qualifications and degrees that an employee hold. 6. Reliability o To be worthy of reliance or trust. Reliable worker. 7. Compromise 8. Employment forecasters 5. Economy o to give up something to reach a decision o Forecast the future of careers? o Thrifty management; frugality in the expenditure or consumption of money, materials (He bought a economy car.) Terms to know 11.Bachelors degree o 4 year college degree 12.Community college o 2 year college degree 13.Telecommuting o To work at home using a computer connected to the network of ones computer 14.Trends o A direction of movement Terms to Know 15.Retail o Selling of merchandise directly to the consumer. 16.Labor market o Information, statistics reflecting state and regional occupational data 17.Cost of living o The average cost of food, clothing, and other necessary or usual goods and services paid by a person, family, etc. Terms to Know 15.Geographic o physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area 16.Trade or professional journals o Publications which contain information regarding trends, industrial innovations and training opportunities for specific professions 17.Life long learning o A continuation or learning as skills needed on a job change Question? Of the current jobs and occupations, which is the fastest growing in terms of jobs. Service occupations Retail/Whole sell jobs Social changes that have promoted a need for service occupations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Women in the workforce Aging population Dual income families Commuting distance/time increasing Increasing diverse workforce and customers 6. Concern for health/fitness 7. New ways of communicating 8. Concern for recreation/entertainment What world events affect goods and services? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. War Natural disaster Change of government structure Embargo’s/tariffs Terrorism Rapid technological advances have promoted a need for technology producing occupations in 1. 2. 3. 4. Communication methods Telecommuting Manufacturing implications Video/voice conferencing Work Trends Timeline in terms of Economic Conditions 1. Colonial period, (to late 1700’s) –family owned farms, (livestock, poultry, grains) 2. Growth of new nations, (late 1700’s to early 1800’s), town trades, (shop owners, bankers, blacksmiths) 3. Industrial revolution/progressive era, (late 1800’s to early 1900’s), industry development, (steel machinery) 4. Post war America, (1945 through the turn of the century), growth of service related industry, (business, transportation, communication, personal) 5. Knowledge and Information Era, (2000 to present), growth of high technology industry/business, (PC’s, telecommunication, internet, email, CAD/CAM, World Wide Web) In the workplace of 2000 1. Flexibility/creativity vs. endurance/loyalty 2. Feedback frequently vs. yearly 3. Rewards for performance vs. automatic rewards 4. Team rated vs. individually rated 5. Employee self control vs. mangerial control 6. Continuous learning vs. end at graduation (Workforce Development Institute) Question Of the jobs in the 21st century, what percent will require technical skills acquired at the bachelor’s level or above? About 20% About 25% Employment implication of globalization 1) Free Enterprise System Freedom to own property Freedom to buy and sell goods Contributions of people Strong economy Produce labor Spend money Weak economy Cut back on spending Lay-offs/business closure Continuation 3) Contribution of industry Strong economy produces goods pays wages Weak economy cuts production increases prices 4) Economic Cycles Inflation Recession depression Implications of Globalization/Global economy 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Diverse customers New ways of communication Outsourcing of manufacturing Global competition Less unskilled jobs available E-commerce Telecommuting Employment Trends Resources Career Outlook Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH) Professional organizations/journals National trends Service producing vs. goods producing industries Information producing industries Increase in careers requiring education beyond high school Local/Regional labor market data Economic Development Council Employment Security Commission Department of Labor Employment, economic and societal trends in relation to geographic mobility The impact of world events on the economy and employment Economy/competition Strong economy – People move in to find employment opportunities Weak economy – People move out for new employment opportunities Governmental action (sanctions/incentives) Outsourcing of labor Job growth/transfer Transportation/commuting Owner occupant households Rural occupants to urban areas to find employment opportunity Constant movement of residence from urban to suburb to rural Relocating Benefits Can help sustain economic growth Can match people successfully to available jobs based on qualifications Lowers unemployment rate Allows an individual to move up socially Can access personal enrichment resources/experiences Company relocation benefits provided Disadvantages Impact of social mobility on child and elder care Cost of moving Dual income families – both spouses finding employment Selling home Losing social support network Reasons why changes may require upgrading of employee’s skills Employment change Types Voluntary Involuntary Keep up with changing technology Job promotion/transfer Job outlook Job loss Career change Changing job description/job duties SCANS Competencies/Transferable Skills Lifelong Learning Analysis of case study work histories Reasons Implications for career planning