Transcript europe powerpoint(1)

Chapter 12 Section 1
The United Kingdom
Clifford’s Tower (Medieval castle in York) HMS Victory-World’s oldest naval ship Houses of Parliament (Big Ben)
The United Kingdom
• Made up of 4 regions
1) England 2) Scotland
3) Wales 4) Northern Ireland
* On September 18, 2014 Scotland had a
vote (85% turn out) to decide if they were
going to become an independent
country. Results: 55% chose to stay
with the UK, and 45% wanted
independence.
A) The Land
• A little bit smaller than
Oregon
• Very close to the mainland
of Europe and also the North
Sea.
• Its location makes it one of
the world’s major trading
nations.
1) The Landscape
• Eastern side of country has
lowlands (rolling plains, fertile
fields)
• Western side of country has
highland areas, which most of
them are moors (vocab word).
• Moors are treeless landscapes
often swept by strong winds.
A picture of a moor.
• A picture of
What the moors
Look like.
2) The Climate
• Has a mild climate. (Why?)
• Because of the North Atlantic
Current which is an extension of
the Gulf Stream.
• The North Atlantic Current warms it
in the winter, and cools it in the
summer.
• There is lots of rain and fog in this
area.
• Very damp weather.
B) The Economy
• United Kingdom sparked the
Industrial Revolution in the 1800’s.
• United Kingdom was the world’s
leading economic power during
1800’s.
• Major industrial and trading country.
• Some reasons why the Industrial
Revolution started in the U.K.: 1) Had
coal & iron 2) Had large supplies of
people 3) Had wool and imported
cotton
Blurry Picture of an Industry
1) Resources & Manufacturing
• Leading natural resource is Oil.
(Also have coal and natural gas)
• UK is the leading oil producer in
Europe.
• New higher technology industries
(Computers & Electronic
equipment) are replacing older
industries (ships, cars)
Digging for Oil
2) Farming
> They import 1/3 of their food
supply.
Why? Because there is not
enough farmland for its large
population.
Main crops are wheat, barley,
potatoes, fruits and vegetables.
Farmers raise cattle and sheep.
Great dairy industry.
Economy facts:
• GDP: 2.28 Trillion (Ranked #9 in world)
• Exports: 479 Billion (Ranked #11 in world)
• Major exporting partners are Germany,
U.S., Netherlands, France, and
Switzerland.
• Imports: 639 Billion (Ranked #7 in world)
• Major importing partners are Germany,
China, U.S., Netherlands, France
C) The People
• 63.3 million people. (#22 in world)
• The capital city is London.
• London is the most populated city in
Europe.
• They speak English.
• Main religion is Protestant.
• 90% of people live in cities or towns.
• Life expectancy: 80.29 yrs (#30)
1) From Past to Present
• In 1707 England, Wales,
Scotland formed United
Kingdom.
• In the mid 1800’s it became the
world’s largest overseas
empire.
• Famous writers ( William
Shakespeare, Charles Dickens,
Emily Bronte)
D) Government
• They have a parliamentary democracy.
This is when voters elect the gov’t
leader, which is the prime minister.
• Also have a constitutional monarchy
which means a king or queen
represents the country at public
events.
• Executive branch: Queen Elizabeth II
(since Feb. 6 1952) Heir apparent is
Prince Charles.
Gov’t continued
• Prime Minister- David Cameron (since
May 11, 2010)
Republic of Ireland
Blarney Castle
Cliffs of Moher
Republic of Ireland
Republic of Ireland
• 4.7 million people (#119)
• Main religion is Roman
Catholic 88%
• Capital city is Dublin
(largest city as well)
• Ireland’s nickname is the
Emerald Isle because of its
green color.
A) The landscape (#120)
• Center of the country has rolling
plains with low hills.
• Forests and farmland cover this
central lowland.
• Very rich in peat (vocab word)
decaying plants that can be used
for fuel.
• Along the coast you have rocky
highlands.
B) The Climate
• Ireland is very close to the
sea.
• Warmed by moist winds from
the North Atlantic Current.
• Lots of rain and mist in Ireland
• The landscape is always
green because of so much
rain.
C) The Economy
• Mild and rainy climate favors farming.
• Farming and industry are big for their
economy.
• Manufacturing of machinery and
transportation equipment exported to
U.K. and European mainland.
• Port cities (Dublin, Cork)
• GDP: 187 billion (#57 in world)
• Pop. Below poverty line: 5.5%
D) The People
• The Celts settled in Ireland during 300
B.C.
• The official language is Gaelic and
English.
• Most people speak English
• 57% of people live in cities
• Life expectancy: 80.44 yrs. old (#26)
• Literacy rate: 99%
1) Influences of the Past
British governed Ireland for 800
years.
Religion and gov’t controls
mixed to cause disagreement.
Irish people resisted British rule
& demands that the Roman
Catholic country become
Protestant.
British officials seized the land
and gave it to English & Scottish
Protestants.
In 1921 the southern part of Ireland
won independence from the United
Kingdom and became the republic
of Ireland.
Northern Ireland stayed with the
United Kingdom.
Disagreement over Northern
Ireland has turned into violence.
(1960’s-1990’s)
Violence has slowed down but
people are still not happy about the
situation.
E) Government
• Republic and Parliamentary
Democracy
• President- Michael Higgins (since
October 29, 2011)
• President can serve “2” seven year
terms!
• Prime Minister- Enda Kenny
• National Holiday- St. Patrick’s Day
Chapter 11
Section 1
France
A) The Land
• One of the oldest civilizations in
the world.
• A little smaller than Texas
• Mediterranean Sea on the SE
coast
• Atlantic Ocean & English Channel
is on the W and NW coast.
• The chunnel connects France with
Great Britian.
1) Mountains
• There are two mountain
ranges
• 1) Pyrennes- Separates
France from Spain.
• 2) Alps-Divides France from
Italy and Switzerland.
2) Plains and Rivers
• Northern part of France is in North
European Plain.
• Important rivers connect major
manufacturing areas within France.
• 3 major rivers in France.
• 1) Seine River-Flows through the
capital city of Paris
• 2) Rhone River- Lies in the SE
• 3) Rhine River-Europe’s most
important inland waterway.
3) Climate
• 3 types of climate in
France
• 1) Marine West Coast
• 2) Highland
• 3) Meditteranean
B) The Economy
• Relies on Agriculture, Industry,
Commerce.
• Largest food producer in western E.
• One of the most important crops is
grapes.
• One of the world’s leading
manufacturing countries.
• Chief Industrial center is (Paris)
• Natural Resources (Coal, Iron ore,
Bauxite)
• Industrial Goods
C) The People
• National Motto is Liberty,
Equality, Fraternity.
• Trace ancestry to the Celts
and Romans of Early
Europe.
• Speak French
• 75% are Roman Catholic
1) Influences of the Past
• Kings ruled France for 800
years.
• Now their government is a
republic.
• There was a general named
Napoleon Bonaparte. (Very
famous)
2) City Life
• 58.8 Million people
• 74% live in cities and large
towns.
• 3 big cities are Paris, Bordeaux,
and Marseille.
• Excellent railroads are in place.
The average 132 miles per hour.
• Paris has a 99% literacy rate.