Transcript Living in North Africa, SW & Central Asia

Living in North Africa,
SW & Central Asia
Ch. 19 Sec.1
Food
•Challenge to meet needs of rapidly
growing population, w/ little resources
•Saudi Arabia can buy food with oil $
•Afgh. can only grow sm. amt of food
(poor soil) 
•Israel has great climate
& grows/exports lots
Afghanistan
Agriculture
•Strangely, there is such little
arable land, but majority of jobs
are in agriculture
•They learn to adapt…
–When Med. countries face a
drought they just farm more
hardy foods (wheat, barley, etc)
Usable Land
•Egypt has least amount of usable
land
•Morocco & Turkey seem to have
most
•Most countries with little arable
land compensate with herding
Usable Land
•To make up for little usable
land countries may:
–Have intensive irrigation (some
drain seas )
–Mining industries
–Focus on other industries like
oil…
Oil
• Oil is, by far, most
impt. commodity
– 70% of world’s oil, 33% of world’s nat. gas
• Industries using oil:
– Refining & shipping
– Steel, textiles, electricity production
– Petrochemicals (fertilizers, medicines, plastics,
& paints)
Service Industries
•GDP = gross domestic product
– Value of goods & services produced in
country per year
•Bahrain is 60% service industry
– Banking, real estate, insurance
– Highest GDP
– High HDI b/c it spends its $ on social
services & needs as well
Service Industries
Western Wall
in Jerusalem
•Tourism is huge b/c:
– Religious importance
– Historical importance
– Mediterranean climate/beaches
•Tourism limitations
– Iran limits # of tourists to decrease
western influence
– Regional conflicts discourage ppl
from coming (not safe)
Transportation
•Most waterways connected
with straits & gulfs
–Strategic and economic value
–Almost all oil exports sent thru
waterways ($$)
–Vast # of pipelines to carry oil
over land to coasts
Communications
•Problems:
– Too much government control
– Lots of deserts and mountains
– Lack of satellite/cellular service in rural
areas
•The New Silk Road
– Telecommunications highway built over
old Silk Road route
•Cable for 20 countries; 16,767 miles
•TRACECA- road, rail, & air system
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries
•12 members
•Can restrict/limit amount of oil
•Can raise oil prices
•Can enact embargos
(All have been done to U.S.)
Interdependence is Key
They provide oil and other
industrial goods; others provide
foreign aid, trade deals, loans, &
food goods.
Despite our political
disagreements, we cannot live
without one another