Transcript Slide 1

Mongolia
AMARSANAA GAN YADAM
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF COMPREHENSIVE HUMAN SCIENCES
TSUKUBA UNIVERSITY
SEPTEMBER 1, 2010
o Mongolia
in brief
o Health indicators
o Social and health problems
o Lifestyle and health behaviors
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Total area: 1 564.9 sq km.
Population density: 1.57
people per km.
Total population: 2 735.8
thousand
Urban population:
1 713.3 thousand
Ulaanbaatar population:
1 112.3 thousand
Rural population: 1 022.5
thousand
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48.9 % of total population is males and 51.1 %
is females
5.9 percent of total population aged above 60.
Life expectancy of female is 71.79 years and
males 64.33 years.
Average family size: 3.8 persons
Literacy rate of adults aged 15 and above
estimated at 97.6 %
Religion: Buddhism 50 %, Atheist 40%,
Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%
Continental climate with 4 seasons
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Mongolia's economy is centered on
agriculture and mining.
Mongolia has rich mineral resources, and
copper, coal, uranium, molybdenum, tin,
tungsten, and gold account for a large part
of industrial production.
Livestock: 40.0 million (horse, camel,
cattle, sheep and goat)
GDP per capita in 2009 was 3200 USD
(2009 est)
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Administration divisions:
Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are in
turn divided into 329 sums (second level of administrative
subdivision). The capital Ulaanbaatar is administrated
separately as a city (municipality) with provincial status
Health care system is characterized by three
levels of care and service :
 Primary care and services
 Secondary care and services
 Tertiary care and services
By 2008, 15 specialized hospitals, 3 regional
diagnostic and treatment centers,18 aimag
general hospitals, 9 district general hospitals, 6
rural general hospitals, 35 inter–soum hospitals,
286 soum hospitals, 228 family group practices
(FGP) and 1063 private clinics have been
delivering health care services.
As of 2009, Total of 38.7 thousand
employees are engaged in health sector :
 7.1 thous were senior physicians
 1.1 thous were pharmacists
 15.8 thous were special specialists
of hospital
 9.0 thous were nurses and
 14.7 thous were other employees
There are 1.3 nurses and 379 persons per
senior physicians and 300 people per nurse.
The number of hospital bed: 17.7 thousand.
Average length of stay in hospital 8.3 days.
Leading five cases of death:
o Diseases of circulatory system (21.7 in 10 000)
o Neoplasms (11.9 in 10 000)
o Injury, poisoning and certain other
consequences of external causes
(8.7 in 10 000)
o Digestive system diseases (4.8 in 10 000)
o Respiratory system diseases (2.8 in 10 000)
Deaths per 10 000 population by leading of
type malignant neoplasms were lever (5.2%),
stomach (1.8 %), lung, oesophagus (1.0%),
cervix uteri (0.4)%
 Infant
mortality rate has reached 19.4 in
2008 and 20.0 in 2009. (last 4 years, the
birth rates have been increasing and the
crude birth rate per 1000 population
reached 25.5 % in 2009)
 Total 66 cases of HIV have been reported
 Incidences of TB (tuberculosis) are on the
rice and most of the new cases are
notified in the capital city of Ulaanbatar,
also viral hepatitis, STIs, and dysentery
are mostly registered by 2009
 Migration
stream to Ulaanbaatar city has
high, the population of Ulaanbaatar is
rapidly increasing year by year. This
considerable rise in urban population has
put strains on social and health services.
 The
poverty headcount is 38.7 % and
inequality of consumption is still high in
national level
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The residents in outskirts of Ulaanbaatar city are
belongs to Ger (national felt dwelling) districts,
where people live in their Ger and small houses,
which lack modern infrastructure services , such
as piped water, central heating sanitation.
 Unplanned growth of Ger district brings many
challenges: unemployment, traffic congestion,
air pollution and other environmental and social
problems
Ger district
Center of the city
Traffic jam in
Ulaanbaatar city
Outskirts of
Ulaanbaatar
 Small
country socially, people know each
other well and there is strong family and
friendly ties exists.
 However
the women are lag behind the
terms of participation in economic and
political life, and decision making process,
they are active in daily life , and more
educated than men.
 Self
medication is high
 Life
style and culture (nomadic) is
changing.
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luck of movement and not many places
to spend the free time
 Community
 Big
participation is not active.
gap between individuals, hospitals and
government bodies.
How to improve health outcomes
through self empowerment?
Thanks a lot for your attention