Transcript 877-Alcohols Carboxylic acids and Esters Presentation

Names and Formulae
Remember the pattern in naming chains of hydrocarbons
1 Carbon = methane CH4
2 Carbons = ethane C2H6
3 Carbons = propane C3H8
4 Carbons = butane C4H10
Alcohols
The functional group in an alcohol is -OH
To name them swap the –e for -ol
1 Carbon = methanol CH3OH
2 Carbons = ethanol C2H5OH
3 Carbons = propanol C3H7OH
4 Carbons = butanol C4H9OH
Alcohols
Q Why not write C2H6O?
The formula gives us clues about the structure of the molecule
The oxygen and hydrogen in the alcohol functional group are
bonded and so are written together
Carboxylic acids
The functional group in a carboxylic acids is -COOH
To name them swap the –e for –oic acid
1 Carbon = methanoic acid CH3COOH
2 Carbons = ethanoic acid C2H5COOH
3 Carbons = propanoic acid C3H7COOH
4 Carbons = butanoic acid C4H9COOH
Esters
These are made from the reaction of an alcohol with a
carboxylic acid – The formula is not required for esters but you
will need to write word equations
ethanol + ethanoic acid
methanol + butanoic acid
butanol + propanoic acid
ethylethanoate
methylbutanoate
butylpropanoate
What do you notice about the naming of an ester?
Try out your theory on the next slide – click on the
equation to reveal the answer
Esters
methanol + butanoic acid
methylbutanoate
ethanol + propanoic acid
ethylpropanoate
propanol + methanoic acid
propylmethanoate