Transcript OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINSTRATION

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH ADMINSTRATION
This is a branch of the US Department
of Labor, responsible for protecting the
health and safety of workers in private
and some public facilities
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Blood and body fluids from ALL patients
must be treated as though potentially
infectious
Introduced by the CDC (Center of Disease
Control) in 1983
Mandated under OSHA’s Bloodborne
Pathogens Standard
RECOMMEDED FOR STUDENT
PROTECTION
Educate regarding exposure and means of
protection
Provision of PPE (Personal Protective
Equipment)
Provisions for Hepatitis B Vaccine
What is Bloodborne Pathogens
Organisms that cause bloodborne disease
may be transmitted by blood or other body
fluids from an infected individual to
another person
Most significant in the Health Care area
Hepatitis B and C
HIV
Others, syphilis, malaria
Personal Protective Equipment
Appropriate only if it does not allow blood
or other fluids pass through.
This means by any means, clothes,
undergarments, skin, eyes, mouth etc.
Under normal conditions
EXAMPLES OF PPE
 Gloves, gown, mask,
eye wear, respirator
OTHER MEANS OF PROTECTION
FDA approved Antiseptics ( CHG,
Alcohols, Iodophors
Avoid hand to face contact
Cover specimen lids, open away from self
Coughing patients should turn head
Don’t eat, drink, apply makeup or handle
contact lens in the work area
Separate employee food and drink form
specimens
Observe the Biohazard Sign
Task that should have a label
Specimens
Laundry bags
Contaminated equipment
Refrigerators with specimens in it
Containers used to transport blood
products or specimens
Extracted teeth
Sharps container
Task where exposure could happen
 Wound care
 Personal care
 Suctioning a patient
 Catheter care
 IM/Sub Q or IV
 CPR
 Emergency first aid
 Surgery
 Post Mortem/Morgue Care
 Others------
OUR CONCERNS
Modes of Transmission
 Vaginal, Oral, Anal sex
 Sharing needles (drugs)
 Contaminated blood products
 Sharing personal care items (razor,
toothbrushes etc)
 Tattoos, body piercing, acupuncture with
infected equipment
 Neonatal infections during child birth
 Skin, eye, mucous membrane, parenteral
contact
 Breast milk
Fluids that apply
Blood
Semen
Vaginal Secretions
Unfixed Tissue
Contaminated organs
Other body fluids that you cannot
differentiate between
NOT Salvia
HIV
Human Immunodefiencey Virus
 The virus that CAUSES AIDS (explain the
difference)
 S/S
Unexplained persistent fatigue
 Unexplained fever, night sweats or shaking
 Chills lasting several weeks
 Lymphedema
 Anorexia
 Dry cough that’s persistent
 Leukoplakia
HBV and HCV
 Fatigue
 Anorexia (loss of appetite)
 Weight loss
 Low grade temp
 Aching muscles and joint pain
 Stomach pain
 Diarrhea
 Jaundice of skin and sclera
 Dark colored urine
 Light colored stool
HEPATITIS B VACCINE
For immunization, must have all 3
injections given over 4-6 month period
time
Given in deltoid, IM
Side Effects; soreness at site, bruising,
redness at site, flu like symptoms.
(headache, nausea, vomiting)
DISINFECTANT
Cleans surface or equipment.
Most effective and least expensive, 10%
Bleach or Clorox
Must be mixed every day