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FIGURE 20-1 A typical generator (alternator) on a Chevrolet V8 engine.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-2 The end frame toward the drive belt is called the drive-end housing and the rear section is called the slip-ring-end
housing.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-3 An OAP on a Jeep generator with a diesel engine.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-4A An OAD on a Chrysler vehicle generator.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-4B An overrunning alternator dampener (OAD) disassembled, showing all of its internal parts.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-5 A cutaway of a General Motors CS-130D generator showing the rotor and cooling fans that are used to force air
through the unit to remove the heat created when it is charging the battery and supplying electrical power for the vehicle.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-6 Rotor assembly of a typical alternator (AC generator). Current through the slip rings causes the “fingers” of the
rotor to become alternating north and south magnetic poles. As the rotor revolves, these magnetic lines of force induce a
current in the stator windings.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-7 A cutaway view of a typical AC generator (alternator).
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-8 An exploded view of a typical generator (alternator) showing all of its internal parts.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-9 A diode symbol.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-10 Magnetic lines of force cutting across a conductor induce a voltage and current in the conductor.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-11 Sine wave voltage curve created by one revolution of a winding rotating in a magnetic field.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-12 When three windings (A, B, and C) are present in a stator, the resulting current generation is represented by the
three sine waves. The voltages are 120° out of phase. The connection of the individual phases produces a three-phase
alternating voltage.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-13 Wye-connected stator winding.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-14 As the magnetic field, created in the rotor, cuts across the windings of the stator, a current is induced. Notice
that the current path includes passing through one positive (+) diode on the way to the battery and one negative (-) diode as a
complete circuit is completed through the rectifier and stator.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-15 Delta-connected stator winding.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-16 A stator assembly with six, rather than the normal three, windings.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-17 Typical voltage regulator voltage range.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-18 A typical electronic voltage regulator showing the connections and the circuits involved.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-19 Diagram of an A-type field circuit.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-20 Diagram of an B-type field circuit.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-21 Typical General Motors SI-style AC generator with an integral voltage regulator. Voltage present at terminal 2 is
used to reverse bias the zener diode (D2) that controls TR2.The hot brush is fed by the ignition current (terminal 1) plus current
from the diode trio.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-22 A Hall-effect current sensor attached to the negative battery cable is used as part of the EPM system.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-23 General Motors CS generator. Notice the use of zener diodes in the rectifier to help control any high-voltage
surges that could affect delicate computer circuits. If a high-voltage surge does occur, the zener diode(s) will be reverse biased
and the potentially harmful voltage will be safely conducted to ground. Voltage must be preset at the L terminal to allow the
generator to start producing current.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-24 The components inside a GM CS generator.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FIGURE 20-25 The alternator field (rotor) current is controlled by the computer. SMEC stands for single module engine
controller.
Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical,
Electronic, and Computer Systems, Fifth Edition
By James D. Halderman
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458