Transcript Document

Northeast Asian Power Grid Interconnection
Shenzhen，May 7, 2002
Software Analysis Tools
Felix Wu
University of Hong Kong
Software Tools: Functions
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Planning tools
» Cost / benefit analysis of alternative plans
» Financial risk assessment
» Feasibility of plans: identify potential operating
disasters
Operating tools
» Engineering design
» Operational procedure
Data requirement
Interactions of the tools
Interactions of Software Tools
Planning tools:
•Benefits
- Economy
- Environment
•Investments
•Risk
Investment
decisions
Operation tools:
Schematic
update
•Performance analysis
-Stability
•Control system design
Investment Decision Support
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Investment costs
» Fixed cost
» Operating costs
Calculating capital costs
» Assumptions
» Accounting practice
Estimating operating costs
» How the system operates
– Plant availability
– Merit order loading (Unit commitment and economic dispatch)
» Production costing simulation
Production Simulation
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Simulate power system operation
To calculate production cost
 From each generator and for the whole system
 Energy, fuel, pollution, etc.
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Load
» Forecast load-A.
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Generation
» Existing generation A
» Export to B
» Merit order
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Load
» Forecast load-B
Generation
» Existing generation B
» Import from the
interconnection.
» Merit order
Production Costing Simulation
Load (GW)
Annual Load Curve
140
120
Expensive
Thermal
100
80
Hydro
60
Cheap
Thermal
40
20
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
0
52
(Week)
Production Costing Simulation
Load (GW)
Annual Load Curve
140
120
Expensive
Thermal
100
80
Cheap
Import
60
Hydro
40
Cheap
Thermal
20
52
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
0
Probabilistic Production Costing
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Taking into account of uncertainties in generator
scheduling, forced outages, hydro availability, etc.
Multi-year breaking down to a series of monthly
or weekly simulations
Output provides information of
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Fuel usage and cost
Pollution generated
Reliability level (Loss of load probability)
System marginal cost
Can be used to assess benefits (economical and
environmental) of interconnection.
Data requirements
Data
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Input data
» Load demand (peak load growth and load shape)
» Generator capacity, availability, fuel type, heat rate,
start-up/ shutdown cost, pollution generation
» Fuel cost
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Output data
» System reliability
» System and individual generator operating cost (fuel,
O&M), emission…..
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Main tool in generation planning
Multi-area Production Costing
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Two approaches
» Simultaneous simulation
» External input
External input
» Determine transfer capability between areas
– Rated and actual
– Transmission planning tool
» Estimate transfer schedule
» Model import as generator and export as load in
production costing
– Deterministic or probabilistic modeling
Generation Planning
 Requirement for generation addition
» Reliability (Loss of load probability)
 What, where, when and how much to add
» Scenario study
» Optimization approach
 Production costing
Commercial Software Packages
 PROSYM
 UPLAN
 EGEAS
PROSYM
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Developed by Henwood Energy Services.
More than 80% of utilities in the North American
use it.
Scenario modeling
Stand-alone production costing or comprehensive
optimal generation planning.
Detailed representation of performance, cost and
constraint characteristics of physical and financial
resources
UPLAN
 Developed by LCG Consulting
 Advanced algorithms to simplify
computations
 PC based
 Multi-area capability
EGEAS
 Developed by Stone and Webster for EPRI
(USA).
 Advanced optimization techniques
 Detailed production costing
Transmission Planning
 Siting
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Route selection
Capacity
Costing
Scenario generation
 Performance analysis
» Fixed configurations (snap shot)
» Power flows, optimal power flows, stability
Data Requirements
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Input data
» Transmission network
– Configuration
– Parameters
» Generation
– configuration
– Cost
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» Load
Output data
» Power flow pattern
» Constraint violations
Software Packages
 PSAPAC (EPRI, USA)
 DSA Power Tools (PowerTech Labs,
Canada)
 PSS/E (Power Technologies, Inc. USA)
 EuroStage (EDF)
 Netomac (Siemans)
 Power System Toolbox (Cherry Tree)
PSAPAC
 Comprehensive modeling
 Advanced algorithms
 Accurate and reliable performance
 Extensive data requirement
 Elaborate output
Major Components of PSAPAC
 INFLOW: Interactive power flow analysis
 ETMSP: Extended transient and mid-term
stability program
 SSSP: Small signal stability program
 VSTAB: Voltage stability analysis
 DYREN: Dynamic reduction program
Power System Toolbox
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Characteristics
» A set of coordinated Matlab files
» Source code availability
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Capability
» Designed for small to medium sized system (800 nodes,
200 generators)
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Functions
» Load flow
» Transient stability
» Small signal stability
Calibration of Tools
Planning
UPLAN
PROSYM
PST
PSAPAC
More detailed modeling
More data
Operation
Conclusion
 For the Northeast Asian Power
Interconnection Study, the following factors
should be considered in the selection of
software tools
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Achievement of objectives
Minimum data requirement
Commonly used
Transparent
Ease of use
Conclusion
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For a preliminary study, we recommend that
» For a particular analysis, a software is selected as the
defacto standard
» The interface between countries are specified according
to the data requirement of that software
» Each member country can use the standard software or
their own software for their part of the analysis
» The results are shared with the group
» Nautilus conducts an overall study and also provides
assistance to each member country.
Conclusion
 We recommend that UPLAN and
Matlab/PST be used initially for the
preliminary study. More sophisticated tools
may be used for future engineering analysis.