Transcript Non seed Vascular Plants

Non-seed vascular Plants
Divisions
of non-seed
vascular plants
Psilophyta – whisk ferns
Lycophyta - club mosses
Arthrophyta - horse tails
Pterophyta - ferns
Non-seed vascular plants
The sporophyte generation is
dominant
Antheridia - structure that produces
sperm
Archegonia – structure that produces
eggs
Psilophyta – Whisk Ferns
•Thought to be the first of the
vascular plants
•Only vascular plants without
leaves or roots
•Found in tropical and subtropical climates
•Very little economic importance
– a few uses in Hawaii
Lycophyta – Club Mosses
 Leafy
stems resemble moss
gametophyte
 Reproductive
structure resembles a
club
 All
have roots, stems, and small leaflike
structures
A
single vein of vascular tissue in each
leaf-like structure
Arthrophyta - Horsetails

Only about 15 species
 Contain
silica and were once used to
scour cooking utensils
 Found
in marshes, shallow ponds,
stream banks and other damp soils
 Stems
are ribbed, jointed and hollow
 Spores
stems.
are produced at the tip of the
Pterophyta - Ferns
 More
dominant than club mosses and
horsetails
 Can
be found in many places
 Some
species become dormant when
water is scarce, and resume growth
and reproduction when water is
available
Fern structures
Rhizome is a thick underground
stem.
Leaves are called fronds
Spores are produced in sporangia
(sorus, sori)
Ferns are the first vascular plants
to evolve leaves with branched
vascular tissue
Origins of non-seed vascular plants
• Vascular plants could live on land and
grow much larger.
• First appeared during the Devonian
Period.
• Tree sized non-seed vascular plants
dominated during the Carboniferous
period – these plants (the lycophytes)
became today’s coal and oil deposits.