Transcript Chemical Safety - American Rose Society

Chemical Safety
John and Mitchie Moe
Master Rosarians
Pacific Northwest District
American Rose Society
Revised February 2015
April 7, 2012
This
program is eligible for one CR credit if pre-approved by the District
and National CR Chairs.
An American Rose Society Presentation © 2015
Acknowledgements

Several charts and graphs obtained from the internet

Credits listed where available

All photos by authors, except where credits are given

An excellent source – Consulting Rosarian Manual, from
The American Rose Society

No commercial use of this program please!
Pest Control Basics

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a decision process that uses
regular monitoring to determine if and when treatments are needed.

Basic elements of IPM




A decision whether to treat
A decision when to treat
A decision of how to treat
Evaluation and review of the decisions made

At one extreme – a very avid exhibitor will quickly determine to spray
and eliminate whatever is affecting his or her roses!

At the other end – one that wants to reduce/eliminate chemical use,
and will accept whatever Mother Nature gives.

Both are practicing IPM, what differs will be the results. So, even if
you are not an avid exhibitor but are going to spray, let’s take a look at
what’s involved from the safety aspect.
You see this on a Rose Leaf

What are you looking at?

If you said downy mildew, you are
correct

Once seen, it is generally too late
to prevent severe leaf drop

Can defoliate a plant in a day or so,
and spread quickly to others

So, what are you going to do?

Severely prune heavily infected and
defoliated plants

Destroy all cut material, spores can
live for a month

Treatment generally requires a very
potent and costly fungicide for
several days
Gail Trimble
Irregular blotches that generally tend to follow leaf veins
Types of Garden Chemicals

Pesticide – “any chemical used for killing
insects, weeds, etc.” (generic term)

Insecticide – kills insects

Fungicide – kills fungi

Miticide (Acaricides) – kills mites

Herbicide – kills weeds and plants

Rodenticide – kills rodents
First Read the Label!
siri.org
What Does a Pesticide Label tell You?
A
A – Brand name
B – Where used & what for
B
C – Specific pest it controls
D – Ingredients toxic to pest
C
E – Manufacturer’s info
F – Signal Word
D
Caution – least toxic
E
Warning – moderately toxic
Danger – highly toxic
G – EPA Registration Number
F
(Nice to have in an emergency)
H – Amount in container
Extension Service
West VA Univ
G
H
What Else Does the Label Tell You?
A
A – Potential hazards to
humans and domestic
B
C
animals
B – First Aid
C – Potential hazards to
wildlife and environment
D – Protective clothing to
D
wear while using
E
E – The Label is the Law!
F – How to mix and use
F
G – Storage and disposal
H – Peel to view additional
instructions on some
Extension Service
West VA Univ
G
H
Toxicity of Pesticides

Toxicity means “how poisonous”
 Commonly
used measure is LD-50

Lethal dose to kill 50% of the study population

The lower the number, the more poisonous

Expressed in milligrams (mg) of material per kilogram (kg) of
body weight

LD-50 values are usually not shown on the label, but the
relative toxicity is reflected by one of the three signal words.

Signal word is assigned based on the oral, dermal or
inhalation toxicity, whichever is the most toxic!
Signal Words & LD-50 (dermal)

Danger and Poison – Highly toxic
 0-200

Warning – Moderately toxic
 200

– 2,000 mg/kg
Caution – Slightly toxic
 2000

mg/kg
– 20,000 mg/kg
Caution – Toxic
 Over
20,000 mg/kg
How Pesticides Enter The Body
UC Davis Environmental Toxicology
How Pesticides Enter The Body (cont.)

Oral


Dermal (through the skin)



Most common cause of pesticide poisoning
Very dangerous in concentrated form
Inhalation (respiratory)


Taken by mistake when eating/smoking while mixing or
during and after spraying
Breathing the vapors when mixing in enclosed area
Ocular (eyes)

Not mentioned in CR manual, but some fungicides can
cause permanent eye damage. Read the label!
A Dangerous Old Insecticide
Black Leaf 40
Had 40% Nicotine
Oral LD-50 of 50!
Highly Toxic
Out in 1992,
but derivatives
can still be found
Don’t
mess
with
this
one!
whyquit.com
One of the least toxic pesticides
Insecticidal Soap
Photo by Baldo Villegas
Some Common Chemicals
and their Signal Words
Handling Chemicals

Try to buy quantity needed for season

Keep chemicals in original container!

Store in a secure, dark & dry location away from children and pets

Never recommend a restricted chemical

Do not split chemicals with friends!

Wear proper protection
Safe Storage & a No-No!
Photo by Baldo Villegas
Not the original container!
Mixing Chemicals

First - Read the label!

Mix what is needed & to directions!

Avoid mixing more than one chemical unless compatible

Wear protective clothing including rubber gloves

Mix in well ventilated area

Skin contact with concentrates is especially dangerous

Know first aid treatment before you start!
MSDS Sheet
Personal Protection When Spraying
Most commonly
called for
by the label
Cap
Safety glasses
Respirator
Rubber gloves
Long sleeve shirt
Pants (no shorts)
Sturdy shoes
(no open toe
or sneakers)
Dress For Added Protection
For additional
protection
Add the following:
Nitrile gloves
Tyvek suit
Rubber boots
Spraying Chemicals

Identify problem - use proper chemical (least toxic)

Water well before spraying – reduce plant stress

Protect children and pets

Never spray on windy or very hot days

Spray undersides + tops of leaves for best results

Wash hands and face immediately after spraying!

Clean and store equipment

Be a good neighbor
Fungicide Types

Broad spectrum – multi-site surface
protectants, which do not enter the leaf
 Primary
use is to limit further spread of
infection as spores germinate
used – Daconil ®, Captan, Bravo®,
Mancozeb, etc.
 Commonly
 Sometimes
called contact fungicides
Fungicide Types (cont.)

Single-site – locally systemic which do
enter the leaves to prevent infection
 Chemicals
 Single
penetrate as long as leaf is wet
target site of fungal activity
 There
is not one that will do it all. Some
effective for one, some for others
used – Rose Pride®, Immunox®,
Cleary’s 3336, Banner Maxx®
 Commonly
Questions?
Thank you!
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