Transcript Characteristics and Types of Plants

Botany
The study of plants
What is a Plant?
(Place your answers on the back cover of your Journal)
What is a Plant?
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Plants evolved from green algae
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There are four major types of plants.
FOUR Types of Plants
The first major difference is how material is
moved throughout the plant
Vascular tubing
Nonvascular tubing
FOUR Types of Plants
??
Types of Vascular
Plants ??
FOUR Types of Plants
The next big difference is, how does a vascular plant
create a new plant
seeds
spores
FOUR Types of Plants
Types of Seed
Plants??
FOUR Types of Plants
The next difference in vascular seed plants is
what surrounds the seed
Gymnosperms
(naked seed plants)
Angiosperms
(fruit surrounding seed)
FOUR Types of Plants
Guess the Plant Type
Distribution of Plant Types
Six Characteristics of Plants
1. Photosynthesis: makes food from sunlight
– Chlorophyll (a green pigment) found in
chloroplasts captures sunlight
2. Cuticle: a waxy coat that covers plants and
keeps them from drying out
Six Characteristics of Plants
3.
Cell Walls: supports & protects plant cells
4.
Multicellular: made up of many cells
5.
Producer: Makes their own food/energy as
sugar and stores food/energy as starch
6. Reproduction: a fertilized egg creates spores
or seeds; a spore or seed produces an egg or
sperm (the plant forms from one of these
stages depending on the plant type)
Plant Cell
Plant Classification
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Nonvascular Plants: No plumbing to
move water & nutrients
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Vascular Plants: Have plumbing to
move water & nutrients
Nonvascular Seedless Plants
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Seedless (spores)
no “plumbing”; uses osmosis & diffusion
small in size
wet environment
no true roots, stems, or leaves
rhizoids (root-like structures)
Ex: Mosses, Liverworts,
& Hornworts
Importance:
– pioneer plants (helps make soil)
Liverwort
Hornwort
Moss growing on a rock
Vascular Seedless Plants
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Seedless (spores)
wet environment for reproduction
vascular tissue; grows taller
rhizome (underground stem)
fronds (leaves)
fiddleheads (young fronds)
Ex: Ferns, Horsetails, Club Mosses
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Importance:
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– help form soil & prevent erosion
– Their remains that died 300 MYA formed coal
Frond, Fiddlehead & Rhizome
A picture of a typical fern
This is a picture of a club moss
This is a picture of a horsetail
Vascular Seed Plants
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Characteristics of Seed Plants
– Seeds nourish and protect the young plant
– The female and male reproductive parts of
the plant live as part of the plant
– Do not need water for reproduction
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Two types: gymnosperms & angiosperms
Three Parts of a Seed
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young plant
 stored food in the cotyledon
 seed coat (protects)
Gymnosperms
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naked seeds; protected by a cone
 vascular system
 woody tissue (strength & taller growth)
 Ex: conifers, ginkgoes, cycads
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Importance:
– Conifers: building materials & paper
products
– Resin: produced by pine trees, used to
make soap, turpentine, paint, and ink
Gymnosperms- Conifers, Cycads, Ginkgoes
Angiosperms
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flowering plants
flowers attract pollinators
fruit covered seed (protects & transports the seed)
most common plant group
Ex: marigolds, oak trees, roses, grass
Importance:
– food for animals & us (corn, wheat, & rice)
– used to make cloth fibers, rope, medicines,
rubber, perfume oil, & building materials
Two Types of Angiosperms